Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15
Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15: A Classic Text of Islamic Legal Theory
Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15 is a book on Islamic jurisprudence written by Imam Muhammad bin Ali Ash-Shawkani, a renowned scholar of the 18th and 19th centuries. The book is also known as Ad-Durar Al-Bahiyah Fi Masaa'il Al-Fiqhiyyah, which means "The Brilliant Pearls on Jurisprudential Issues".
Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15
The book is considered one of the most important and comprehensive works on Islamic legal theory, covering various topics and issues related to worship, transactions, marriage, divorce, inheritance, criminal law, and more. The book is based on the Quran, the Sunnah, the consensus of the scholars, and the principles of analogy and reasoning.
The book is also unique in that it does not follow any particular school of thought (madhhab), but rather presents the most sound and authentic opinions on each issue, regardless of their source. The book also refutes some of the weak and erroneous views that were prevalent among some jurists and sects.
The Author of Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15
Imam Muhammad bin Ali Ash-Shawkani was born in 1173 AH (1759 CE) in Yemen. He was a prodigy who memorized the Quran at a young age and studied various sciences under prominent scholars of his time. He was especially proficient in the fields of hadith, fiqh, tafsir, usul al-fiqh, and history.
He was also a reformer who called for the revival of the pure and authentic teachings of Islam and the rejection of blind imitation (taqlid) and innovation (bid'ah). He was a leader of the Zaidi sect in Yemen, but he did not confine himself to their doctrines or opinions. He was respected and admired by scholars of different schools and backgrounds.
He authored many books and treatises on various subjects, such as Nayl Al-Awtar (a commentary on Sunan An-Nasa'i), Fath Al-Qadeer (a commentary on the Quran), Irshad Al-Fuhul (a summary of hadith sciences), and Al-Badr At-Tali' (a biography of the Prophet's companions).
He died in 1250 AH (1834 CE) in Sana'a, Yemen.
The Contents of Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15
Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15 is divided into 15 chapters, each dealing with a specific topic or issue of Islamic jurisprudence. The chapters are as follows:
The Book of Purification: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to ablution, ghusl, tayammum, menstruation, postnatal bleeding, and impurities.
The Book of Prayer: This chapter covers the conditions, pillars, obligations, sunnahs, manners, times, places, types, and rulings of prayer.
The Book of Zakat: This chapter covers the definition, conditions, recipients, amounts, types, and rulings of zakat.
The Book of Fasting: This chapter covers the definition, conditions, obligations, sunnahs,
The Book of Hajj: This chapter covers the definition, conditions, obligations, sunnahs, manners, types, and rulings of hajj and umrah.
Hajj and umrah are two types of pilgrimage to the sacred house of Allah (the Ka'bah) in Makkah. Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam and is obligatory once in a lifetime for every Muslim who is able to do it. Umrah is a voluntary act of worship that can be done at any time of the year.
The chapter explains the details and procedures of performing hajj and umrah, such as the intention, the ihram, the tawaf, the sa'i, the arafah, the muzdalifah, the mina, the stoning, the sacrifice, the shaving, the farewell tawaf, and more. It also clarifies the differences between the three types of hajj: tamattu', qiran, and ifrad.
The chapter also discusses the virtues, rewards, and benefits of hajj and umrah, as well as the sins, mistakes, and penalties that may occur during them. It also provides some tips and advice on how to prepare for hajj and umrah and how to make them easy and successful.
The Book of Trade: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to buying, selling, renting, leasing, hiring, lending, borrowing, exchanging, mortgaging, pledging, gifting, donating, and more.
Trade is one of the most common and important activities in human life. It involves exchanging goods or services for money or other goods or services. Islam encourages trade as a means of earning lawful income and fulfilling one's needs and wants. However, Islam also sets some guidelines and limits for trade to ensure justice, fairness, honesty, and transparency.
The chapter explains the conditions and requirements for a valid contract of trade, such as mutual consent, clear offer and acceptance, lawful subject matter and price, specified quantity and quality, delivery and possession. It also defines the types and categories of trade contracts, such as cash sale (bay' al-mu'ajjal), deferred sale (bay' al-mu'ajjal), advance payment sale (bay' al-salam), installment sale (bay' al-taqsit), partnership (sharikah), agency (wakalah), commission (ju'alah), loan (qard), mortgage (rahn), pledge (hamanah), gift (hiba), donation (sadaqah), and more.
The chapter also identifies the permissible and prohibited aspects of trade,
The Book of Marriage: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to marriage, divorce, waiting period (iddah), maintenance (nafaqah), custody (hadanah), and more.
Marriage is a sacred and legal contract between a man and a woman that establishes their rights and obligations towards each other and their children. It is also a means of fulfilling one's sexual and emotional needs in a lawful and honorable way. Islam encourages marriage as a source of love, mercy, and tranquility.
The chapter explains the conditions and requirements for a valid marriage contract, such as the consent of the bride and the guardian, the presence of two witnesses, the offer and acceptance, the dowry (mahr), and the announcement. It also defines the types and categories of marriage contracts, such as permanent (nikah) or temporary (mut'ah), valid (sahih) or invalid (batil), or irregular (fasid).
The chapter also discusses the rights and duties of the spouses towards each other, such as kindness, respect, fidelity, support, intimacy, obedience, consultation, and more. It also clarifies the permissible and prohibited aspects of marriage, such as polygamy, interfaith marriage, kinship marriage, fosterage marriage, etc.
The Book of Divorce: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to divorce, waiting period (iddah), maintenance (nafaqah), custody (hadanah), and more.
Divorce is the dissolution of the marriage contract between a man and a woman. It is a lawful but disliked act that should be avoided as much as possible. Islam allows divorce as a last resort when there is no hope of reconciliation or harmony between the spouses.
The chapter explains the conditions and requirements for a valid divorce, such as the intention, the expression, the sanity, the maturity, and the freedom of choice. It also defines the types and categories of divorce, such as revocable (raj'i) or irrevocable (ba'in), minor (sughra) or major (kubra), or initiated by the husband (talaq) or by the wife (khul' or faskh).
The chapter also discusses the rights and duties of the spouses after divorce, such as waiting period (iddah), maintenance (nafaqah), custody (hadanah), visitation (mulaqat), inheritance (irth), remarriage (ruju' or nikah), etc. It also clarifies the permissible and prohibited aspects of divorce,
The Book of Inheritance: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to inheritance, such as the heirs, the shares, the impediments, the bequests, and more.
Inheritance is the transfer of wealth and property from a deceased person to his or her legal heirs. It is a right and a duty that Islam has ordained for the benefit and welfare of the family and society. Islam has specified the shares and proportions of inheritance for each heir according to their degree of kinship and responsibility.
The chapter explains the conditions and requirements for a valid inheritance, such as the death of the deceased, the survival of the heir, the ownership of the estate, and the absence of debt. It also defines the types and categories of heirs, such as male or female, relative or spouse, parent or child, etc.
The chapter also discusses the calculation and distribution of the shares of inheritance for each heir, such as half, quarter, eighth, sixth, etc. It also clarifies the factors and circumstances that may affect the shares of inheritance, such as multiple spouses, missing heirs, illegitimate children, etc.
The Book of Criminal Law: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to criminal law, such as the crimes, the punishments, the evidences, the witnesses, and more.
Criminal law is the branch of law that deals with crimes and their punishments. A crime is an act or omission that violates the rights of Allah or His creation. A punishment is a penalty or sanction that is imposed on the criminal to deter him or her from repeating the crime and to reform him or her.
The chapter explains the types and categories of crimes in Islam, such as major (kabirah) or minor (saghirah), intentional (amdan) or accidental (khata'), public (alaniyyah) or private (sirriyyah), etc. It also defines the types and categories of punishments in Islam, such as fixed (hadd) or discretionary (ta'zir), corporal (jismaniyyah) or financial (maliyyah), etc.
The chapter also discusses the conditions and requirements for applying and executing the punishments in Islam, such as the establishment of proof, the confession of the criminal, the testimony of witnesses, etc. It also clarifies
The Book of Jihad: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to jihad, such as the definition, the types, the conditions, the obligations, the manners, and more.
Jihad is an Arabic word that means striving or struggling in the way of Allah. It is one of the most important and noble acts of worship in Islam. It involves exerting one's utmost effort to defend and spread Islam, to fight against oppression and injustice, and to protect the rights and dignity of Muslims.
The chapter explains the types and categories of jihad in Islam, such as jihad of the heart (against one's desires and doubts), jihad of the tongue (by preaching and teaching), jihad of the hand (by doing good deeds and preventing evil), and jihad of the sword (by fighting in the battlefield). It also defines the types and categories of fighting in Islam, such as defensive (difa') or offensive (ibtida'), individual (fard 'ayn) or collective (fard kifayah), obligatory (wajib) or recommended (mustahabb), etc.
The chapter also discusses the conditions and requirements for participating in jihad, such as sincerity, faith, knowledge, permission, leadership, preparation, etc. It also clarifies the manners and etiquette of jihad, such as justice, mercy, bravery, patience, trust, etc.
The Book of Oaths and Vows: This chapter covers the rules and regulations related to oaths and vows, such as the definition, the types, the conditions, the obligations, and more.
An oath is a solemn declaration or promise that invokes Allah as a witness or guarantor. A vow is a solemn pledge or commitment that dedicates something to Allah or His cause. Both oaths and vows are serious and binding acts that should not be taken lightly or broken without a valid reason.
The chapter explains the types and categories of oaths and vows in Islam, such as affirmative (yamin) or negative (qasam), conditional (mun'aqid) or unconditional (ghayr mun'aqid), truthful (sadiq) or false (zur), obligatory (wajib) or voluntary (nadhur), etc. It also defines the types and categories of expiations (kaffarah) for breaking oaths and vows, such as feeding poor people, clothing poor people, freeing slaves, fasting days, etc.
The chapter also discusses the conditions and requirements for making valid oaths and vows,
Conclusion
Ad Durar Al Bahiyyah Pdf 15 is a book on Islamic jurisprudence written by Imam Muhammad bin Ali Ash-Shawkani, a renowned scholar and reformer of the 18th and 19th centuries. The book is one of the most important and comprehensive works on Islamic legal theory, covering various topics and issues related to worship, transactions, marriage, divorce, inheritance, criminal law, jihad, oaths, and vows.
The book is unique in that it does not follow any particular school of thought (madhhab), but rather presents the most sound and authentic opinions on each issue, regardless of their source. The book also refutes some of the weak and erroneous views that were prevalent among some jurists and sects.
The book is easy to read and is distinguished by its dissociation from the blind imitation (taqlid) and innovation (bid'ah) that have plagued the Muslim ummah. It is a valuable source of knowledge and guidance for anyone who wants to learn and practice Islam according to the Quran and the Sunnah.
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